A:
The Pennsylvania Rule commonly applies to cases of vessel collisions. The Rule presumes that if a party violates a statute aimed at preventing collisions, that party must demonstrate that not only was the violation not responsible for causing the accident, but that it could not have contributed to the cause.
The Rule often applies to Rules of the Road cases and has been expanded to cover many kinds of Coast Guard regulations as is used in personal boating and jet ski cases.
The Rule comes from the collision of a steamship and a sailing vessel off the coast of New Jersey. Six of the ten sail boat crew members died.